Intergranular interaction in nanocrystalline Ce-Fe-B melt-spinning ribbons <i>via</i> first-order reversal curve analysis

First-order reversal curve (FORC) diagram, which visualizes the variation of magnetic interaction on a field plane, has been applied to nanocrystalline Ce-Fe-B melt-spinning ribbons. The FORC diagram exhibits different vertical spread along Hu axis when is parallel or perpendicular ribbon surface. discrepancy corresponds intergranular interactions, can also be verified by Henkel plot, another method identify interactions. larger direction ascribed dominance magnetostatic interaction, while smaller one indicates existence stronger exchange coupling interaction. remanence enhancement effect further confirms coupling. These indicate that powerful evaluation for distinguishing interactions in permanent magnets. Moreover, Lorentz transmission electron microscopy was used analyze domain structure